First approved by the FDA for type 2 diabetes, they have since altered how clinicians approach obesity treatment, swiftly changing hundreds of thousands of lives (Conley, 2025)
Available from: Tschope C, Bock CT, Kasner M, Noutsias M, Westermann D, Schwimmbeck PL, Pauschinger M, Poller WC, Kuhl U, Kandolf R, Schultheiss HP
Their primary mechanisms of action include: Enhancing insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells in a glucose-dependent manner, which helps lower blood glucose levels without causing hypoglycaemia when used alone Suppressing glucagon release from pancreatic alpha cells, reducing hepatic glucose production Slowing gastric emptying , which prolongs satiety and reduces appetite Acting on appetite centres in the brain , particularly the hypothalamus, to reduce food intake Most GLP-1 receptor agonists are administered via subcutaneous injection, with dosing frequencies ranging from twice daily to once weekly depending on the specific formulation
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