B12 injections supply vitamin B12 as methylcobalamin or cyanocobalamin, typically given intramuscularly into the deltoid, supporting red blood cell formation, myelin and nervous system health, and the metabolism of homocysteine, a process that can falter with vegan diets, malabsorption, or medications like metformin
It has been widely studied for its association with tissue repair processes involving muscles, tendons, ligaments, and gastrointestinal tissue
Perils and pitfalls of long-term effects of proton pump inhibitors
PubMed Hsieh, M.J., Liu, H.T., Wang, C.N., Huang, H.Y., Lin, Y., Ko, Y.S., Wang, J.S., Chang, V.H., & Pang, J.H