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Cyanocobalamin A vitamin B12 injection can contain cyanocobalamin, which is man-made

While compounded drugs are not FDA-approved, the FDA permits their sale when a patient has a specific medical need that no existing approved product can meet

Severe deficiency causes irreversible neurological damage and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord, a condition that does not fully reverse even with aggressive B12 repletion

For example, presequence proteases (conserved components of mitochondrial proteostasis), identified as Arabidopsis thaliana presequence protease 1 (AtPreP1) and presequence protease 2 (AtPreP2) in Arabidopsis and presequence protease (PITRM1) in mammals, have similar functions in mitochondrial protein quality control in both systems