Further, they had no previous history of depression, use of antidepressants in the previous year, or type 1 diabetes
[8] [9] GLP-1 medications work through several complementary mechanisms: Enhancing insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells in response to elevated blood glucose Suppressing glucagon release , which reduces glucose production by the liver Slowing gastric emptying , helping you feel fuller for longer Acting on appetite centres in the brain to reduce hunger and food intake In the UK, commonly prescribed GLP-1 receptor agonists include semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy, Rybelsus), dulaglutide (Trulicity), liraglutide (Victoza, Saxenda), lixisenatide (Lyxumia) and exenatide (Byetta, Bydureon)
These observations have generated scientific interest in whether metabolic medications might exert secondary effects on immune function, though substantial uncertainty remains regarding clinical significance
Health Benefits and Risk Reductions Associated with GLP-1 Medications Health Benefits and Risk Reductions Associated with GLP-1 Medications Kidney and Liver Health Improvements The FLOW trial demonstrated 24% reduction in major kidney disease events among patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease ^39
